Electrical – How to double-shield a cable properly

As a general guideline, it is preferable to connect any cable shields to the metal chassis (not PCB ground), at just one end. To keep things simple when multiple shielded cables connect out from some central device, the shield connection should be done only at the "hub" device, and left open at the "spoke" devices.

Similarly, for a chain of devices connected by shielded cable, each shield ought to be connected to the chassis of the upstream device, and left open at the downstream end. Yes, this does mean that the shields of different links of such a chain might be at different potentials, depending on how well earthed the individual devices are, but this is generally not a problem.

A basic, inexpensive addition incorporated in many consumer device cables today, is a clamp-on ferrite bead or "split bead" at each end of the cable, close to the connector. This reduces high frequency EMI off the shield with minimal complexity. A good document about such RFI beads is here.

Note that the chassis is usually connected to "earth" of the location, not to ground of your circuit board.

Of course, this is a simplification of a fairly complex subject, but it serves the purpose for designs at frequencies where surface effects do not predominate. As frequency of signals involved rises into GHz, other factors need addressing.

When you say signal is tied to the shield, which pins? The ground pins are tied to the shield. See pinout below

I am surprised to see that the grounds of the vga cable are tied to the shield, on the cables I have some of the grounds are tied to the shield. This is a more noisy solution, but with the cable making industry its about what works not what is best. They may be cutting corners by eliminating some conductors in the cable and running the ground through the shield.

A shielding conductor is used to prevent electrical fields to capacitively couple to the conductor they are protecting.

As far as turning the cable into an antenna:

From the cable shielding wiki:

The best method to wire shielded cables for screening is to ground the shield at ONE end of the cable

This is to avoid ground loops, ground loops are a big problem because current flowing through the cable causes current through the shield conductor to couple to the signals inside the cable magnetically. So to prevent this current flowing on the outside of the cable a choke can be placed on the outside of the shield to increase the high frequency impedance of the cable and cause high frequency signals to find a different "pathway" (as high frequency currents will "prefer" the path of lowest impedance/inductance).

The cable is shield is probably not tied to ground on both ends (computer and monitor sides), and one would hope that it is isolated somehow. Otherwise DC and AC currents will flow through the cable and cause problems.

So the shield shouldn't be tied to ground, it is probably introducing noise but it is and it still works, as far as we can tell. It would be interesting to find the VGA specs and see if this is a standard practice.