Electrical – Some questions from a first PCB design attempt

pcb-design

This is my first PCB design ever and I used DesignSpark's PCB software.

After simulating in LTspice I've drawn it in schematics as:

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And converted to a two layer PCB and manually routed.
Here is the PCB:
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Finally I checked with "Design Rule Check" of this software and according to the software: the design has no error now.
First I had Drill Backoff errors. I had to make power tracks thinner.

I have many questions regarding the procedure but here is some of them:

1-) How does the software decide the trace widths, I didnt even set any currents. Or should I ask: How can I set the track widths here?
I checked with LTspice and the max currents on the power supply's GND and power supply's Vcc as 5mA.
How should I set the track widths here? If I set the widths randomly how can I know the PCB machine will be able to make it??

2-) I'm not using any surface mount components. Do I really need solder mask?

3-) Do I need copper pour or ground plane? I work with frequencies less than 1000Hz.

Again I cannot find answers to these details on basic tutorials. I would be glad to have your input or suggestions.

Best Answer

First I'll answer your questions:

How does the software decide the trace widths

I don't know. Read the fine manual. :) This is something you have to decide, not the program.

I'm not using any surface mount components. Do I really need solder mask?

No, you don't. For the distances you have laid out, it looks perfectly solderable without a mask. But why do you ask? Every boardhouse will add a solder mask for free. If you're etching your own board, it's too much of a hassle to add one anyway.

Do I need copper pour or ground plane?

Generally no, but you have to be a little careful with the routing of GND. Your layout isn't that bad, but you could have a more "starground" layout.

One thing that I would like you to do is to check carefully in the datasheet for your comparator if it's ok to leave the inputs open. It should be fine, but I'm not sure about this particular model.