Electronic – For common emitter configuration of a PNP transistor why is current 0 when emitter-collector voltage is 0

Common collector: Current gain but no voltage gain

Common base: Voltage gain but no current gain

Common emitter: Some voltage and some current gain, depending on the impedances in the emitter and collector circuits.

I've never used the common base configuration, I understand it is used mostly for the input stages of high frequency amplifiers.

First of all, I'm going to assume your complete circuit looks like this:

[BTW, you should post your complete circuit if you expect to get any meaningful answers.]

Secondly, the unity voltage gain of the common collector refers to AC, not DC.

From the image above, you can see that the output voltage will be \$V_Z-V_{BE}\$.

And \$V_{BE}\$ will have some variation with the collector current, but not too much: \$V_{BE}\propto ln(I_C)\$.

On the other hand, \$I_B\$ is not negligible, it could be up to 20mA (for the transistor's minimum \$h_{FE}\$ of 50), and you don't really show how you are biasing your zener, so it could be that the base is sucking more than you are providing and the voltage across the zener will drop, and this drop will be directly reflected at the output voltage of this circuit.

By the way, from the 2SD1047 datasheet, \$V_{BE}\$ at 1A will be about 0.7V, so your output should be about 4.3V (not 5V), and like I said, will vary a bit with \$I_C\$. At 1A, it will dissipate quite a bit: \$1A(20V-4.3V)\approx 16W\$. The transistor should be able to thermally handle it though, since its thermal resistance is only 1.25°C/W.