Electronic – MOSFET does not turn off totally

led stripmosfet

UPDATE:

If your MOSFET (or other chip) does not behave well AND you bought from not-really-known seller (even if his/her positive feedback ratio is over 99%) for a very competitive price, MAYBE you got a "factory FAKE" item (means: intentionally produced as FAKE in factory).

This realization took about 3-4 nights to me, because I just started using MOSFETs…. very VERY VERY big eye opening experience.

Original question:

I checked "MOSFET does not turn off", or even "does not turn of totally" related topics.
There the solution was usually or other (parasitic way of power), or MOSFET driving problem.

I thought I understand MOSFET (voltage driven and which voltage counts), however I faced the same problem with 2 different simple circuits, so likely I missed something regarding MOSFET basics.

What I wanted to achieve: driving a 12V LED strip (draws about 2A).

1st I used P channel MOSFET – as switch.
It was working, BUT very often the LED strip lightly dimmed and vibrated (MOSFET ON was OK, OFF was not perfect).
I read somewhere P channel MOSFET gate needs little higher voltage than source to surely turn off..

In both circuits I created them in simulator (drawings came from there), so V1 (dataIN pin) is coming from a 3.3V microcontroller (which I realized only in 2nd circuit).

P channel MOSFET

So I discarded that circuit and made a simpler one with N channel MOSFET:
(after taking apart, I checked the P channel MOSFET and …. just now I saw a Youtube video regarding real and false MOSFETs: Youtube regarding REAL and FALSE MOSFETs )

N channel MOSFET

BUT
This 2nd circuit does exactly the same.
I moved the pin to a PWM capable pin, so now I can dim the LED strip nicely, I can switch on the LED strip as well, but when I switch it off it "starts" to dim very lightly and "blinks" randomly. Again, I can make steady 5%-100% LED power and works nicely, but with 0-1% (I am interested in 0%) it does not switch off firmly.

In 2nd N channel MOSFET circuit I also checked the voltages:

  • logic high = 3 V (MOSFET gate), MOSFET DS = 0,2V – works as expected (however MOSFET datasheet states 2-4V is needed to turn on fully).

  • Logic low = 0,2V (MOSFET gate), MOSFET DS = 5V (7V drops in LED). I shorted R3 (150 Ohms) to make things even simpler. When LED strip started "very dim blinking", I even shorted gate to source (with multimeter) – blink continued and I measured about 1mA <- THIS when I decided to ask help, because this ruined everything I imagined.

I have to admit, that my power source is far from perfect, 2A drain in 12V made it 11,5V, but obviously does not make few volts spikes etc.

Very rarely I achieved the "total off" state (without modifying everything), but within few mins – few hours I got back the low light & blinking LED strip. I was thinking to make some capacitor to eliminate any ripple (if any).

The dataIN is about 50 cm wire, LED strip is 2-2,5 meters, wire to LED strip is about 1 meter. Again, I shorted (in 2nd circuit during logical low dataIN) gate and source – without reaching the desired TOTAL OFF.

  • P channel MOSFET is: IRF9540N
  • N channel MOSFET is: IRFZ44N

I know both has a diode between source and drain (connected as reverse bias), but as I heard it is a byproduct of the MOSFET production and should not make any trouble here.

If anybody could help me:

  • Why MOSFETS does not turn totally off in the above 2 circuits.
  • How can I modify them (currently I have the lower circuit only, but I can recreate the 1st circuit if the solution is there).
  • I added this question finally (after realizing that very likely I inserted a fake MOSFET from China to my circuit) – could be this my problem is? Therefore my 2nd circuit should not able to turn ON a real MOSFET or at least it is very borderline (as stated in datasheet).

Best Answer

I bought some N channel MOSFETs (IRLZ44N) - which has logic level gate drive from a reputable local store (for about 0,36EUR / 0,43 USD per piece). According to datasheet, for 3V gate voltage and 3A drain-source current the resistance goes below 0,1 Ohm...

I changed the N channel MOSFET (and only that) - and VOILA everything works like charm! As I already connected to PWM signal, at even 1% PWM LEDs are nicely (but barely) dim.

Now I am sure that the originally bought IRF MOSFETs from eBay are fake (IRFZ44N were 1 USD/5 pcs; IRF9540N 1,22 USD/5 pcs) - so a price tag difference was (the real in Hungary, including 27% TAX) about 0,23 USD per piece - I start to pull my hair out.... - and always check local sellers next time.

I also bought P channel MOSFETs (IRF9Z34N) and I am quite sure my other circuit would also work with a real MOSFET.