Electrical – STM32F4 HSE clock frequency without HSE

OK I figured it out. There is a mistake in the STM32F4xx_spi.c Peripheral Driver file that doesn't allow the use of the HSI(internal clock) value needed for calculating the appropriate divider and odd values for the I2SPR register. (see the last line) I changed it to:

  i2sclk = (uint32_t)(((HSI_VALUE / pllm) * plln) / pllr);

and now it works. Hours wasted as usual!! The clock configuration tool is also wrong as it creates a message in the system_stm32F4xx.c file that states

*        To achieve the following I2S config:   |
*         - Master clock output (MCKO): ON      |
*         - Frame wide                : 16bit   |
*         - Audio sampling freq (KHz) : 48      |
*         - Error %                   : 0.0186  |
*         - Prescaler Odd factor (ODD): 0       |
*         - Linear prescaler (DIV)    : 2       |

which conflicts with the programmers reference that ODD=1 and DIV=3 for 48kHz sample rate, which is correct.

/* Get the PLLI2SN value */
plln = (uint32_t)(((RCC->PLLI2SCFGR & RCC_PLLI2SCFGR_PLLI2SN) >> 6) & \
                  (RCC_PLLI2SCFGR_PLLI2SN >> 6));

/* Get the PLLI2SR value */
pllr = (uint32_t)(((RCC->PLLI2SCFGR & RCC_PLLI2SCFGR_PLLI2SR) >> 28) & \
                  (RCC_PLLI2SCFGR_PLLI2SR >> 28));

/* Get the PLLM value */
pllm = (uint32_t)(RCC->PLLCFGR & RCC_PLLCFGR_PLLM);      

/* Get the I2S source clock value */
i2sclk = (uint32_t)(((HSE_VALUE / pllm) * plln) / pllr);

It works now, here is the new code:

{
    RCC_DeInit();//a must
    do{
       RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON);
      }
     while (!RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp());
     RCC_PLLConfig(RCC_PLLSource_HSE, 4, 200, 4, 4);//100MHZ

    do{
       RCC_PLLCmd(ENABLE);
      }

   while(RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_PLLRDY)!=SET);
   RCC_HCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLK_Div1);
   RCC_PCLK1Config(RCC_HCLK_Div4);
   RCC_PCLK2Config(RCC_HCLK_Div2);

  RCC_SYSCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLKSource_PLLCLK);
  SystemCoreClockUpdate();
}

With some experimentation and some more time reading the stm32f4xx_rcc.c, I discovered there was in fact a function: RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp(), which role is to wait for the HSE oscillator to start. I used it as follows:

do{
           RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON);
  }
         while (!RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp());

to replace in the previous version

do{
          RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON);;

  }

          while(RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_HSERDY)!=SET);

I also "had" to start the code by initializing the clock system using the function:

 RCC_DeInit();