Electronic – 30N06L N-channel mosfet switching heavy load interfering with micro-controller circuit

With 1 meg from the gate of Q1 to GND, and SENS25% at 50k, Q1's Vgs will be 4.76 V, while with SENS25% at 600k, Vgs will be 3.125V.

That means that Q1 is almost certainly capable of being fully turned on - albeit somewhat slowly - by SENS25%, but R2 will prevent that from happening because the higher Vgs goes, the higher the current through R2 goes, which will cause the voltage dropped across it to increase, raising the voltage on the source, partially defeating the rise in Vgs.

A solution might be to wire your circuit like this:

Where, when Q1 is OFF, 5V across R1 R3 R4 will make Vout equal to a "1" into your Raspberry Pi, and when Q1 is ON, the drop across the LED and Q1's Rds(on) will make Vout equal to a "0".

If not, I think you'll need some extra circuitry or a different way to go about it.

The only means you have of charging the gate source capacitor (possibly somewhere in the realm of 1 nF), is a 4 kohm resistor. Go work how long this takes to charge. You need a push pull driver for high speed switching.