I only looked at one of your proposed parts, the Murata LLL153C80G105ME21. I compared it with a same-value part in a larger package (GRM21BR71E105KA99#, 0805 size), the key improvement is in the available voltage rating. The 0204 part is rated for 4 V, while the 0805 part is rated for 25 V.
Even if your application only applies 4 V to the cap, take note of the capacitance change with applied voltage charts. The value of the 0204 part will be reduced to a bit above 30% of nominal (e.g. 0.3 uF instead of 1 uF) with 4 V applied. The 0805 part will still be at 95% of its nominal value with 4 V applied, and only loses about 45% of its value at 25 V applied.
So the smaller part can be used if you can accept its reduced temperature range, but its value will be reduced to just a bit more than the 0.1 uF value that has been typically recommended for use as the near-chip bypass capacitor over the past decade or so. If you really want 1.0 uF of bypassing, you'll still have add some larger parts in parallel with the suggested 0204 part.
On the other hand, if you can live with the low WV rating and you use this part in place of the "traditional" 0.1 uF 0402 part (in parallel with additional larger-value caps), you will gain a 3 - 4x increase in effective capacitance, so that is a substantial improvement.
Also, in a high-reliability application, you may want to use a package at least one size up from the minimum needed for the capacitor value and WV you are using. The smallest available size is pushing the limits of what the manufacturers can do, and can have reliability issues.
Yes, unfortunately I can say from experience this is possible. Use the finest wire you can get, within reason, AWG 40 is not too fine, and try to solder it on the flush stump with plenty of flux (and the wire pre-tinned). Once it passes a tug test, you can trim it and solder it to the PCB pad. Use a decent temperature-controlled iron, fine solder and liquid flux.
It won't be very reliable but it might get you through to Monday or Tuesday when the courier can arrive with a new part.
Best Answer
If this were a capacitor, I'd say by the shape and size that it have to be tantalum. However, tantalum caps are polarized, and this device is not. Ergo, not likely a cap.
The triangular marking at the top of the device resembles the Epcos logo:
A quick check of Epcos shows me that they have a line of SM inductors which closely resemble your part, in both shape and markings.
This data sheet says that the line 331K represents the inductance and the bottom line is a date code.
This note explains the code in more detail: K is a tolerance code (+/- 10%), and depending on the size of the part, the inductance is in either microhenries or nanohenries. I don't think your part is actually 330 microhenries given its size.
I think you have a 330nH EPCOS SM inductor. QED