Electronic – Operational amplifier design

amplifiercmosintegrated-circuitoperational-amplifier

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Hello! Can you tell me the benefit of having the differential amplifier connected the way shown in the image. Also what's the purpose of devices in green circle and what's the benefit of placing it there?

Thank you!

Best Answer

The green FETS, 4 of them, allow rail_to_rail operation of the four nodes,

while (this is important)

preventing high voltage stresses on the rail_referenced FETs.