Electronic – Remove Y caps from PSU

capacitor

I recently purchased a Corsair TX PSU and when it's on the Y caps are "sending" about 14v to the ground
I'm not sure why this is happening but I already removed Y caps from my surge suppressor to fix this. Sometimes I know it's not possible to remove Y caps (connected between line-ground) but I wonder if this is safe when it comes to computer PSU

P.S: 103 Y caps and above are usually the worst when it comes sending voltage to my earthing system. I notice that between neutral and earth with everything off it's 0volts but when I turn on the PSU it goes above 12V

Best Answer

The Y caps form a voltage divider between phase and neutral with the unloaded voltage at their center point being at Vmains/2. Measurement with a voltmeter will usually show a lower voltage due to meter loading. (Try measuring Phase to midpoint and Neutral to midpoint. The result will not sum to Vmains/2).

The correct solution is to ground the Y resistor center point. As this is almost always connected to power supply ground this is usually achieved by using a 3 wire power cord with ground wire AND a power outlet with ground.

The problems usually occur when this ground connection is missing.
This is a safety hazard in its own right. Ungrounded outlets are more common in some countries than in others - but are less desirable than a grounded outlet for safety reasons.

The major task of the Y capacitors is to help remove 'noise' from the mains input - mainly from the power supply itself but they also filter incoming mains borne noise.

Removing the Y caps makes the power supply non-compliant to regulatory requirements and make it more liable to cause EM (electromagnetic) interference.

It may also make the device somewhat less resistant to mains borne EM interference. An X cap serves much the same purpose. The Y caps are balanced to ground IF ground is provided, providing a notionally superior result.

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Consequences:

The voltage mentioned is due to the Y caps acting as a voltage divider across P-N and there being no earth connection.

  • Worst case this can destroy products - often either a port or a peripheral connected to a port. I have seen a printer destroyed in this way.

  • Laptops will often give users minor but annoying shocks if touched if their psu has no ground connection and incoming 'ground' is DC connected or via a capacitor to the DC output ground.