Is there any way to retrieve data from a PIC16F877 if VCC and GND are shorted? I want to get the existing program and load it into a new device.
Electronic – Retrieving a program from a PIC16F877
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Related Solutions
The A versions of Microchip devices are simply improved versions. You might see a difference if you examine the errata documents. They are usually cheaper.
There should be no problems if you interchange the two versions.
Microchip advises switching to the PIC16F887, from both devices. It's a much better chip, and is a lot cheaper than either of them.
To use the USART library calls (OpenUSART and related flags), you'll need to #include the USART library header:
#include <usart.h>
You likely will also need the processor-specific #include, since the libraries support multiple flavours of parts and need a hint as to which hardware you're using:
#include "p18f45k20.h"
You may have to explicitly define the paths to these headers if your C18 isn't cooperating.
Also, further to what Abdullah said, user functions like your init_USART should have a function prototype in your primary .h file to avoid having to explicitly structure your code in a specific sequence.
void init_USART(void);
UPDATE: The error is in putsUSART.
According to the library documenation, the call to putsUSART does not accept format specifiers like printf() and other standard I/O calls, it only accepts a pointer.
It appears that you need to sprintf() into a string buffer first, then call putsUSART on that buffer.
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Best Answer
If the Vcc and GND are internally shorted within the IC, there is no simple solution.
Cutting open the IC to access the internal die, then using suitable equipment to correct the short, is fine as a theoretical exercise but not worthwhile in practice.
If the short is on the circuit board, simply desolder the part carefully, solder it into a fresh PCB, and you would have access to all standard functions of the microcontroller.
Edit: The following may not be relevant to the original question, as pointed out by @DaveTweed.
Capturing the inbuilt program, -as you state-, is still not so simple: Even if you could extract the binary code as a hex file, that then would need to be decompiled to assembly language instructions, then interpreted to make sense of it in high level pseudocode.
The solution for modifying the existing program, if required at all, is way more complex and expensive than might be assumed.