Electronic – Simple circuit Voltage regulator question

batteriesheatvoltagevoltage-regulator

I am trying to build a simple circuit that takes a 9v battery through a voltage regulator that outputs 1.5v across a load resistor . The load will be just a piece of metal that gets heated up.

My initial understanding of voltage regulators was wrong. I thought I wouldn't be wasting a lot of power using one, but from further reading I have discovered that they are just used for rectifying an ac source and when (vi-vout) is a large number a lot of power is dissipated/wasted as heat in the regulator. I want as much of the power from the battery as possible to be dissipated across the load resistor @ 1.5v.

So, my questions is how can I build this circuit with a 9v input and a 1.5v across load dissipated as heat with the smallest amount of wasted power through a regulator or other components?

Best Answer

Couple of $0.02 thoughts.

  1. Can you use a heater with higher resistance so that it can run directly off 9V? Then you wouldn't need a regulator.
  2. Pulse-width modulation (PWM). Connect the load through a MOSFET (or a BJT) to the battery. PWM signal is applied to the MOSFET gate. In this approach, PWM duty cycle controls the RMS voltage across the heater.
  3. Buck converter is a type of a switch-mode power supply. It's more complex that, say, a linear regulator, but is can have 90% efficiency. May be, you can find an integrated power supply module like this one, which would suit your input voltage and output voltage & current. If you can't find a module, you can roll your own.
    edit: LM25576 mentioned above is an IC around which a buck converter can be built. "Buck converter" and "step down switching converter" can be used pretty much interchangeably.