How to Add Product Custom Options in Cart in Magento

First, before I get to your question, reloading a model like you are doing is very bad style.

1. $_product contains the product data, loaded as part of the product collection
2. You fetch the product's ID using the SKU, this is an additional query, when $_product->getId() would have given you the same.
3. You then load the product using the ID, even though you already have a loaded product instance. This triggers at least 2 more queries. Per product. Slow. Not good. Do not do that.

Lets assume you have 20 products in the collection, this results in at least 60 additional queries being executed. I'm sorry, but I want to point that out so your code isn't used as a bad example by others.

Now, to get to your actual question: Updating the display of the product price is handled by the JavaScript in js/varien/product.js. To start with, this file isn't included in the product list pages by default. You need to add the following layout XML to change that:

<layout>
    <!-- adjust the handle to whatever page your product list is on -->
    <catalog_category_view>
        <reference name="head">
            <action method="addJs"><script>varien/product.js</script></action>
        </reference>
    </catalog_category_view>
</layout>

The next problem you encounter is that the script assumes there is only a single product on the page. In the single product page template, catalog/product/view.phtml, you can see:

<script type="text/javascript">
    var optionsPrice = new Product.OptionsPrice(<?php echo $this->getJsonConfig() ?>);
</script>

This global JavaScript Variable, optionsPrice, is also referred to in the product.js script, in the Product.Config.reloadPrice() method:

    optionsPrice.changePrice('config', {'price': price, 'oldPrice': oldPrice});
    optionsPrice.reload();

So you will need to

1. Fix the Product.Config class to expect optionsPrice to be an array, indexed by product ID.
2. Initialize the object for each of the products.

In addition to the JavaScript in the product.js file, you also need to customize the template catalog/product/view/options.phtml.

Again, that script assumes there is only a single products options per page:

var opConfig = new Product.Options(<?php echo $this->getJsonConfig() ?>);

You will need to turn that into an array, indexed by product ID, as well. Also, the global optionsPrice variable is referred to by the code a couple of times. Make sure that they always access the object by the correct product ID.

To summarize:

• Include the product.js on your product listing page
• Make sure you use the options.phtml template with the corresponding Mage_Catalog_Block_Product_View_Options block for each of the products to render the options instead of building the HTML yourself
• Adjust the global JavaScript variables so they work with multiple products per page

Quite a bit of work, but doable. I'm pretty sure there also are a number of extensions that would do what you want.

To add product with required custom option to cart you need your $params array to be like this

$params = array(
    'product' => $proid, // This would be $product->getId()
    'qty' => 1,
    'options' => array(
        'option_id' => 'option_value'
    )
);

Where

option_id - custom option id

option_value - selected custom option value

This will help you to get all product custom options data

foreach ($product->getOptions() as $option) {
    print_r($option);
    $values = $option->getValues();
    foreach ($values as $value) {
        print_r($value);
    }
}