Magento – How to customize product list page in Magento 2

check out Mage_Catalog_Block_Product_New. so in your layout file you need to add something like

<block type="catalog/product_new" name="products.new" template="catalog/product/list.phtml" />

There's also a template for new products, called new.phtml (replace list.phtml with new.phtml) - depends on how you want to display things

Rather than instantiating the model for each product rather do this.

Create a magento module, and add these bits to it.

In the module config.xml

<frontend>
    <events>
        <catalog_product_collection_load_after>
            <class>your_module/observer</class>
            <method>addStockItemData</method>
        </catalog_product_collection_load_after>
    </events>
</frontend>

In the module observer

<?php 
// observer
public function addStockItemData($observer)
{
    $collection = $observer->getCollection();
    Mage::getSingleton('cataloginventory/stock')->addItemsToProducts($collection);
}

That will do the trick