Solve Catalog Rule Product Status REINDEX REQUIRED in Magento

If you don't have many rules or many products you can try this:

$website = Mage::app()->getWebsite();
$product = $this->getProduct();
$rules = Mage::getModel('catalogrule/rule')->getCollection()
    ->addWebsiteFilter($website) //filter rules for current site
    ->addIsActiveFilter(1); //filter active rules

foreach ($rules as $rule) {
    $affectedProductIds = $rule->getMatchingProductIds();
    if (in_array($product->getId(), $affectedProductIds)) {
        //product has a price rule set for it
    }
}

The quick and dirty idea would be to search for a record in the table catalogrule_product.
All products that are affected by catalog rules are referenced in that table.

$resource = Mage::getSingleton('core/resource');
$connection = $resource->getConnection('core_read');
$tableName = $resource->getTableName('catalogrule_product');
$count = $connection->fetchOne('SELECT COUNT(1) as c FROM '.$tableName.' WHERE product_id = '. $product->getId());

if ($count == 1) { 
    //you have a rule for the product
}

But this is not the best practice.

It doesn't look like the method you're using will let you do that, as it returns a price from a rule that matches the input you provide.

I've only had a quick look at these classes, but it looks like you may be able to load rules for the product then use that to get the toDate fields from them:

// Add catalog rules to the product
Mage::getModel('catalogrule/rule')->loadProductRules($product);

// Get matched rule IDs
foreach ($product->getMatchedRules() as $ruleId=>$ruleval) {
    /** @var Mage_CatalogRule_Model_Rule $rule */
    $rule = Mage::getModel('catalogrule/rule')->load($ruleId);
    echo $ruleId . ' has a toDate of: ' . $rule->getToDate() . ' and matches my product.', PHP_EOL;
}

This would give you any rule that matches the product (I believe). It may be what you need, but may also be unhelpful if you have multiple rules that end up at the same price (if you're comparing your value to the value in this loop).

It would be much more useful if the method you're using returned the rule model or ID that matched rather than just the price of it, but oh well - you will need to do what you can do.