Magento ver. 2.4.3 sort attributes in additional tab on catalog product view

Not without custom code. There is a block class for the filter display, Mage_Catalog_Block_Layer_State, but the filter data comes from the model Mage_Catalog_Model_Layer_State, which is populated by Mage_Catalog_Model_Layer and cannot be influenced from the block.

If your alternative sort order can be expressed with an SQL order clause, you could override Mage_Catalog_Model_Layer::_prepareAttributeCollection() and change the sort order of the collection depending on the current category. It's set to $collection->setOrder('position', 'ASC') before this method is called. But rewriting the layout model is better avoided.

A better option without rewrites is to create a custom block that extends Mage_Catalog_Block_Layer_State:

class Stack_Catalog_Block_Layer_State extends Mage_Catalog_Block_Layer_State
{
    public function getActiveFilters()
    {
        $filters = parent::getActiveFilters();

        // $filters is an array of Mage_Catalog_Model_Layer_Filter_Item objects
        // sort it with usort() to your needs

        return $filters;
    }
}

And another one that extends Mage_Catalog_Block_Layer_View because this is where the state block is created:

class Stack_Catalog_Block_Layer_View extends Mage_Catalog_Block_Layer_View
{
    protected function _initBlocks()
    {
        parent::_initBlocks();
        $this->_stateBlockName = 'stack_catalog/layer_state';
    }
}

Then replace the layer block in your categories custom layout update:

<reference name="left">
    <block type="stack_catalog/layer_view" name="catalog.leftnav" after="currency" template="catalog/layer/view.phtml"/>
</reference>

It's adding a new block, but using the same name catalog.leftnav of the original block, so it will be replaced. This is because you cannot change the type of an existing block.

I will not give you the final solution but I will direct you to a place where you change the default behaviour.

So, if the attribute does not have a custom source it uses default source class which is \Magento\Eav\Model\Entity\Attribute\Source\Table. All of the attribute options are returned in a function getAllOptions($withEmpty, $defaultValues). If you check it, you will find that in this function an attributeOptionCollection is created on which a function setPositionOrder($dir, $sortAlpha) is called. In this function we have hardcoded sort order of the options collection - $this->setOrder('main_table.sort_order', $dir);

I can give you quick 2 options to make it work as you want it:

• make a before plugin on \Magento\Eav\Model\ResourceModel\Entity\Attribute\Option\Collection::setPositionOrder and change the $sortAlpha variable to true - I am not sure how the sorting will behave, but it should be alphabeticaly
• make and around/after plugin on \Magento\Eav\Model\ResourceModel\Entity\Attribute\Option\Collection::setPositionOrder and change the sorting the way you want

There are of course more options, you can also make plugins for \Magento\Eav\Model\Entity\Attribute\Source\Table::getAllOptions as well as you can override it (which I do not reccomend). Let me know which option you selected and good luck!