Cisco – VLAN Tagging HP Switch

First, a caveat: I'm not sure why you specified the following (emphasis mine),

Any suggestions for commands to specifically show the voice vlan assigned to a switch port without using too much reg-ex or seeking through the running configuration?

However, even the lengthiest reg-ex command in a Cisco device can be shortened by the alias command. In fact one of my frequently used aliases is to show the exact information you're looking for. Which I will include below.

Now, there are several ways to get the information you're looking for, and it depends on what exactly you know, and what you're trying to find.

If you know what the voice VLAN(s) is/are on that particular switch, and you're looking to find out what ports they're assigned to, you could simply issue the command:

show vlan id <voice-vlan-number>

This would give you a list of all ports utilizing that VLAN:

ATR4506-A1A-1#show vlan id 210 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
210  ATRIUM-IP-PHONES                 active    Gi2/2, Gi2/3, Gi2/4, Gi2/5, Gi2/6,

If you know the port of interest (or want to see all ports) and just want to see which voice VLAN is in use on that port, you are looking for something like the following:

show interfaces switchport | include Name|Voice

I have this command aliased to svv (for show voice vlan) like so:

conf t
alias exec svv show interfaces switchport | include Name|Voice

This is the command I most frequently use to gather this information, and it gives the output:

ATR4506-A1A-1#svv                                      
Name: Te1/1
Voice VLAN: none
Name: Te1/2
Voice VLAN: none
Name: Gi2/2
Voice VLAN: 210 (ATRIUM-IP-PHONES)
Name: Gi2/3
Voice VLAN: 210 (ATRIUM-IP-PHONES)
Name: Gi2/4
Voice VLAN: 210 (ATRIUM-IP-PHONES)
Name: Gi2/5
Voice VLAN: 210 (ATRIUM-IP-PHONES)

Another alternative would be to filter the show run output if you need the exact interface names and switchport info (for scripting purposes for example):

show running-config | include interface GigabitEthernet|switchport voice vlan

This gives:

ATR4506-A1A-1#show running-config | include interface GigabitEthernet|switchport voice vlan 
interface GigabitEthernet1/3
interface GigabitEthernet1/4
interface GigabitEthernet1/5
interface GigabitEthernet1/6
interface GigabitEthernet2/1
interface GigabitEthernet2/2
 switchport voice vlan 210
interface GigabitEthernet2/3
 switchport voice vlan 210

interface Ethernet0/0
 no shutdown
 no nameif
 no security-level
 no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.48
 vlan 48
 nameif vlan48
 security-level 100
 ip address 192.168.48.1 255.255.255.192 
!
interface Ethernet0/0.101
 vlan 101     
 nameif vlan101
 security-level 100
 ip address 192.168.48.66 255.255.255.224 
....

The ASA port (e0/0 in this example) would go to a trunk port set to allow all the vlans configured on the ASA (48 and 101, here) The ASA is then the router between those VLANs. Any address assigned to the switches would be purely for management. And they would assigned to a VLAN, not a port.

The topology between devices is, indeed, all trunks. (because you want all vlans to be available everywhere.) The access ports -- ports where individual machines are connected -- would be assigned to only one VLAN.