You asked a good question. Don't let anyone tell you otherwise.
Regrettably, there is no rule of thumb for the types of protocols that use TCP verses the types of protocols that use UDP.
The decision whether a protocol uses one or the other come down to whomever wrote/created the protocol to begin with.
If they didn't want to bother with writing their own "reliable delivery" system, then they can simply use TCP which provides all the reliability innately.
If they thought (knowing their own protocol innately) that they could write a better or more appropriate "reliable delivery" system, then they can build that into the protocol itself and simply use UDP as their transport.
As an example, take a look at a UDP TFTP sample capture, you'll notice there are built in acknowledgement systems within TFTP itself -- having both those and the additional acknowledgement systems within TCP would simply be redundant.
Whereas FTP, which runs over TCP, does not have a built-in acknowlegdment system. A user simply request a file, and the sender sends it. There is a "file transfer complete" notification, but nothing that guarantees having received each bit of the file. FTP is relying on TCP's reliability to ensure the file gets all the way across.
That said, I looked through the list of ports on the wiki page you linked, and saw a surprising amount of protocols that supposedly use TCP and UDP. This was foreign to me, and I only know of very few that use both (namely, DNS). But it may be that there is a TFTP implementation that uses TCP, and if so, I'm afraid I have no exposure to it.
Domain Name System (DNS) is traditionally the protocol referred to when discussing protocols that use both TCP and UDP. It doesn't use these at the same time, mind you. But different functions within DNS might call for TCP vs UDP.
For example, when making a simple A-record resolution request, the "request" and "response" are very lightweight, both requiring a single packet. As such, this is typically done over UDP.
But if a request or response requires a larger transfer (above a certain amount of bytes), then DNS chooses to use TCP to ensure "all the bits" get there. This is common with full Zone Transfer requests.
Just as MAC addresses are layer-2 addresses, and IP addresses are layer-3 addresses, port numbers are layer-4 addresses. When the transport layer wants to reply to a layer-4 request, it must have the address (port) to which it should reply.
When a PC sends an HTTP (TCP port 80) request to to an HTTP server, the PC uses an ephemeral TCP source port and the HTTP server's TCP port 80 as the destination port. The HTTP server replies back to the PC's ephemeral port, and it gets that port number from the source port of the PC's request.
Best Answer
Interesting perspective and question!
Yes, most of what UDP does is supply a standard means for multiple applications to co-exist using the same IP address, by defining the concept of UDP ports.
The exciting part about UDP isn't so much the network protocol but the API implemented by operating systems and socket libraries. While not part of the UDP specifications itself, the ability to use abstractions like the POSIX socket API to easily develop software atop protocols like UDP is key to the success of the Internet Protocol stack.