Apache Configuration – Redirecting Non-WWW to WWW HTTPS

I have a site, www.example.com, that I can't visit without entering the www. Using an Apache Virtual Host, I'm trying to make it so if non-www is entered, it's automatically redirected to www.

If I try going to http://www.example.com, it redirects to https://www.example.com and works

If I try going to https://www.example.com, it also works.

However, the problem is:

If I enter http://example.com, it redirects to https://example.com and says:

This site can’t be reached Check if there is a typo in example.com.
If spelling is correct, try running Windows Network Diagnostics.
DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NXDOMAIN

I get the same message if I try going to https://example.com

The problem is my site only works with "www." On non-www, how can I force www.? I was trying the following to no avail:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName example.com
    Redirect permanent / https://www.example.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName www.example.com
    ServerAlias example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/public/

    # Force non-www to www in HTTPS.
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]

    SSLEngine On
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem

    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/example.com.error.log
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/example.com.access.log combined
</VirtualHost>