Server Migration – Redirect to New IP Without Downtime

domain-name-systemhostingispredirect

I am changing servers of my website. The IP of old server cannot be moved to the new one. To have no downtime I am planing to do the following, please someone confirm it will work:

  1. Setup the new server and listen on the new IP
  2. Old server redirect all traffic to the new IP
  3. Change DNS records to point to the new IP

My logic tells me that when I redirect to the new IP from my old box, the user will not see the domain name in the browser but will see the new IP. Is there a way to redirect to the new IP and send along the HOSTNAME with it so that the user will see the domain name in the browser?

Im doing this because the site is in constant use and simply changing DNS settings won't do as database won't be synced between the new and old servers during propagation.

Best Answer

Here's the method that worked for me:

  1. Sync the files and databases with the new server.
  2. Perform a re-sync just before cut-off.
  3. Change the DNS to point to the new server.
  4. Forward the request coming to the old ip to the new server until DNS propagation completes.

Here's how I would do the step 4:

We will configure IPTables on a Linux server to redirect all the traffic coming on port 80, (which is the default web server port), to a server with the IP 122.164.34.240. The first step is to set your Linux box to allow this kind of forwarding to take place. Open a terminal window, log in as root user and run the following command:

# echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

The next step is to tell IPTables to redirect the traffic to the new server:

# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 122.164.34.240

Here’s where the IPTables magic happens. With the third and final step, we tell IPTables to rewrite the origin of connections to the new server’s port 80 to appear to come from the old server.

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp -d 122.164.34.240 --dport 80 -j MASQUERADE

The final step is required because if we don’t tell the web server of the new server that the connections are coming from the client machines, it would think that they are originating from the old server.

You may want to repeat this for the databases and email server port as well.

Related Topic