Network Documentation – How to Document a Network

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I'm not sure how to ask this question, since I'm not in the field. Say you're a network admin and you leave your job. How does the new guy know where to start?

Best Answer

It depends on the size of the network, number of users, number of nodes (computers, servers, printers, etc.) and the size of your IT staff, among other things.

It also depends on your goal. Are you documenting the network for training and maintenance purposes, insurance/loss prevention, etc?

Personally, I document my networks in such a way that I know I can derive any missing information based on what is documented. From a practical stance, there is a point of diminishing returns when your documentation gets too granular.

A good rule of thumb I use is that there should be documentation in a known location that is thorough enough that if I get hit by a bus tonight, another administrator can keep the core network running while he/she fills in the missing pieces over the next few days/weeks.

Here is an overview of what I think is most important about one of my networks. For the record this is a Windows-only shop with about 100 users and 5 offices.

  • Administrator credentials for all servers. Obviously this should be kept secure.
  • IP Addresses and NetBIOS names for any node on the network with a static IP address, including servers, workstations, printers, firewalls, routers, switches, etc.
  • Basic server hardware information, such as Service tags or equivalent, total disk capacity, total RAM, etc.
  • Major roles of each server, such as Domain Controller, File Server, Print Server, Terminal Server, etc.
  • Location of backup tapes/drives.
  • Information about the account numbers and credentials for services like remote office voice and data providers.
  • External DNS for websites and routing.

If there was anything strange about a setup or workflow that would not be immediately obvious to a new administrator, I would write a short "brief" about it as well.