Linux – How to Do Traffic Shaping by IP

ipip addresslinuxtraffic-shaping

We have a transparent proxy setup. I tried looking for traffic shaping in Linux, and all I could find online was to limit traffic by interface (eth0/eth1…).

I need to limit the bandwidth (never exceeding a specific limit) by IP address or IP ranges and I can't find a way to do that.

Is there any way to do that?

Best Answer

The traffic shaping layer of the kernel is, basically, a packet scheduler attached to your network card. So one traffic shaping policy applies to one network card.

What you can do, in your case, is to create a list of IP and bandwidth attached, and then, for each IP, you create:

  • One traffic shaping rule identified by a classid
  • One netfilter rule that will mark packets to a specific mark value
  • One Filter that will bind that packets marks to the classid, thus applying the traffic control rule to the specified packets.

The example given by @Zoredache works, but I personnally prefer to use Netfilter capability instead of TC to filter packets, and HTB instead of CBQ for the shapping algorithm. So you can try something like this (requires Bash 4 for associative arrays):

#! /bin/bash
NETCARD=eth0
MAXBANDWIDTH=100000

# reinit
tc qdisc del dev $NETCARD root handle 1
tc qdisc add dev $NETCARD root handle 1: htb default 9999

# create the default class
tc class add dev $NETCARD parent 1:0 classid 1:9999 htb rate $(( $MAXBANDWIDTH ))kbit ceil $(( $MAXBANDWIDTH ))kbit burst 5k prio 9999

# control bandwidth per IP
declare -A ipctrl
# define list of IP and bandwidth (in kilo bits per seconds) below
ipctrl[192.168.1.1]="256"
ipctrl[192.168.1.2]="128"
ipctrl[192.168.1.3]="512"
ipctrl[192.168.1.4]="32"

mark=0
for ip in "${!ipctrl[@]}"
do
    mark=$(( mark + 1 ))
    bandwidth=${ipctrl[$ip]}

    # traffic shaping rule
    tc class add dev $NETCARD parent 1:0 classid 1:$mark htb rate $(( $bandwidth ))kbit ceil $(( $bandwidth ))kbit burst 5k prio $mark

    # netfilter packet marking rule
    iptables -t mangle -A INPUT -i $NETCARD -s $ip -j CONNMARK --set-mark $mark

    # filter that bind the two
    tc filter add dev $NETCARD parent 1:0 protocol ip prio $mark handle $mark fw flowid 1:$mark

    echo "IP $ip is attached to mark $mark and limited to $bandwidth kbps"
done

#propagate netfilter marks on connections
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -j CONNMARK --restore-mark

-- edit: forgot the default class and to propagate marks at the end of the script.

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