Linux – How to start Apache server automatically

apache-2.2installationlinuxUbuntu

I want to manually install Apache server. I've compiled it into:

/server/apache

http.conf configured correctly. It works. I can open up a browser and navigate to localhost and I can see "It works message".

But how does one goes about adding apache into Ubuntu's startup so I won't have to do:

sudo /server/apache/bin/apachectl start

all the time?

Can somebody explain how does one goes into adding programs to Ubuntu startup (10.10 64 bit)?

RESOLUTION

I learned a lot. It looks like there are 2 ways of doing it:

1) Historical ways: most Unix/Linix distros historically followed System.V initialization patter. This way all u have to do is write a special start/stop/restart script, chmod +x it and put in under /etc/init.d directory. Then you run update-rc.d command which creates links under different runlevels. and that's how it works. la la la

2) New way. Many linux distros currently switching from old runlevel based system to event based initialization. In my case Ubuntu (also RHEL 6.0 and Fedora) uses system called Upstart which eventually will completely replace systemV version. it uses /etc/init folder. All you have to do is create a script, chmod +x it and put it under /etc/init dir.
Upstart information

Best Answer

The easiest way would be to put:

/server/apache/bin/apachectl start

into "/etc/rc.local". The better way to do it would be to create an /etc/init/apache.conf upstart script, I believe the correct values would be something along the lines of:

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
expect daemon
exec /server/apache/bin/apachectl start
pre-stop exec /server/apache/bin/apachectl stop

Then run "initctl start apache" to start it and "initctl stop apache" to stop it. For more information on upstart configuration files like the above, see "man 5 init".

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As of GNU coreutils 7.5 released in August 2009, sort allows a -h parameter, which allows numeric suffixes of the kind produced by du -h:

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Linux – How to run a server on port 80 as a normal user on Linux

Short answer: you can't. Ports below 1024 can be opened only by root. As per comment - well, you can, using CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE, but that approach, applied to java bin will make any java program to be run with this setting, which is undesirable, if not a security risk.

The long answer: you can redirect connections on port 80 to some other port you can open as normal user.

Run as root:

# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080

As loopback devices (like localhost) do not use the prerouting rules, if you need to use localhost, etc., add this rule as well (thanks @Francesco):

# iptables -t nat -I OUTPUT -p tcp -d 127.0.0.1 --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080

NOTE: The above solution is not well suited for multi-user systems, as any user can open port 8080 (or any other high port you decide to use), thus intercepting the traffic. (Credits to CesarB).

EDIT: as per comment question - to delete the above rule:

# iptables -t nat --line-numbers -n -L

This will output something like:

Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source               destination         
1    REDIRECT   tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:8080 redir ports 8088
2    REDIRECT   tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:80 redir ports 8080

The rule you are interested in is nr. 2, so to delete it:

# iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING 2

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