I'm trying to figure out the differences(pros/cons) between two routing protocols approach and I would be great-full for any help, advice and explanation. As far I can say that it seems like distance vector is more static and more local based routing, since it doesn't know the network state whereas link state is more aware of current states therefore it seems more natural to use it over distance-vector, but I have a feeling like I'm missing something. And I would be glad to here about more aspects and different issues I have to consider while choosing one of them.
Routing protocols, distance vector vs link state
ipnetworkingroutingtest
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The Short Answer
Yes
The Long Answer
It may not necessarily need to be right in the country you are targeting - just a close region could be sufficient.
A good start is to determine where the major internet backbones/intercontinental links are in relation to your target audience, and plan accordingly. This way you could position services in a more advantageous position for future expansion. You can also choose to locate in adjacent countries that have lower hosting costs.
You can do this with maps such as this:
Regional Internet Map http://www.telegeography.com/product-info/map_traffic/images/inset.gif
Global Internet Map http://www.telegeography.com/product-info/map_internet/images/internet_map09_sm.gif
(source: telegeography.com)
blah http://www.telegeography.com/product-info/map_internet/images/im09_europe.gif blah http://www.telegeography.com/product-info/map_internet/images/main-projection-2010.png
You can use RRAS for firewalling, NAT and VPN, so, yes, you can give a single public IP address to your Windows Server 2008 firewall and have it route traffic for all your internal network and forward specific ports (f.e. 80) to your internal servers, and you can also have it act like a VPN server (PPTP and/or L2TP). RRAS has been around since Windows 2000, and it does its job quite nicely for simple setups.
It isn't a full firewall/proxy solution, though; you can't define fine-grained policies, it doesn't do any web proxying (be it straight or reverse), it can't filter traffic at the application level and it doesn't log network traffic for further analysis.
In short: yes, RRAS can do anything you need, simply and somewhat crudely; but it isn't a full-blown network access and security solution like ISA or TMG.
Best Answer
Distance Vector
Pure distance vector protocols are rare; the only one really remaining in any sort of use is RIP. EIGRP, a Cisco proprietary protocol, is also technically distance vector, but it makes use of several optimisations that allow it to overcome the traditional shortcomings of distance vector protocols. Distance vector protocols do not distribute any topology information; they simply advertise the next hop to a route, along with a cost.
Pros:
Cons:
Link state
Link-state protocols function by advertising each router's connected interfaces to every other device in the routing domain. Effectively, each device builds a database of the full network topology, and uses this database to determine the best path to each destination network.
The two major link-state protocols in use are OSPF and IS-IS; both are based around an implementation of Dijkstra's algorithm. OSPF is the more well-known of the two; IS-IS tends to be found more in service provider networks.
Pros:
Cons:
Protocol choice
In terms of which protocol type you should use, it depends on your requirements. In general, unless you are being forced to do so by a vendor, RIP should not be used. If you are running an all Cisco network, EIGRP can be brought up with very little manual configuration. If interoperability between vendors is a requirement, OSPF may be a better choice. As mentioned in another answer, if you are going to be exchanging routes with a 3rd party, BGP is the protocol of choice.
One last point: dynamic routing protocols are useful only when your topology is redundant, and you need automatic failover. If you have a single router which supports all of your LAN environments and your ISP circuit, then a default route to your ISP would be more than sufficient.