Setting up php7.0-fpm + Apache and multi-user pools: Only 1 site works

apache-2.4php-fastcgiphp-fpmubuntu-16.04

I am using Ubuntu 16.04, Apache 2.4.29 and php7.0-fpm. I am trying to create separate pools for multiple users and websites, so that they run under a separate user and each site is protected in case one is hacked. I followed the instructions of a similar post regarding this subject, but it does not quite work.

Here are two example pool.d conf files I have in /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d

username1.conf

[username]
user = username1
group = username1
listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.username1.sock
listen.owner = www-data      #(I've already tried username1 here too)
listen.group = www-data      #(I've already tried username1 here too)
listen.mode = 0660

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

–

username2.conf

[username]
user = username2
group = username2
listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.username2.sock
listen.owner = www-data      #(I've already tried username2 here too)
listen.group = www-data      #(I've already tried username2 here too)
listen.mode = 0660

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

Note that I have reloaded php7.0-fpm and apache2 after each conf file saved. In addition, here are my two Apache VirtualHost files:

website1.com.conf (with username1)

<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerAdmin admin@website1.com
  ServerName www.website1.com
  ServerAlias website1.com
  RewriteEngine on
  RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =website1.com [OR]
  RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =www.website1.com
  RewriteRule ^ https://www.website1.com%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent]
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
  <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
    AddHandler php7-fcgi-username1 .php
    Action php7-fcgi-username1 /php7-fcgi-username1
    Alias /php7-fcgi-username1 /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username1
    FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username1 -socket /run/php/php7.0-fpm.username1.sock -pass-header Authorization
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
      Require all granted
    </Directory>
  </IfModule>
  ServerAdmin admin@website1.com
  ServerName www.website1.com
  ServerAlias website1.com
  DocumentRoot /home/username1/website1.com
  DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
  <Directory /home/username1/website1.com>
    Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^website1.com
    RewriteRule (.*) https://www.website1.com/$1 [R=301,L]
    <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
      <FilesMatch ".+\.ph(p[3457]?|t|tml)$">
        SetHandler php7-fcgi-username1
      </FilesMatch>
    </IfModule>
  </Directory>

  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

  SSLEngine on

  <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
  </FilesMatch>
  <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
  </Directory>
    Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.website1.com/fullchain.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.website1.com/privkey.pem

website2.com.conf (with username2)

<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerAdmin admin@website2.com
  ServerName www.website2.com
  ServerAlias website2.com
  RewriteEngine on
  RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =website2.com [OR]
  RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =www.website2.com
  RewriteRule ^ https://www.website2.com%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent]
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
  <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
    AddHandler php7-fcgi-username2 .php
    Action php7-fcgi-username2 /php7-fcgi-username2
    Alias /php7-fcgi-username2 /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username2
    FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username2 -socket /run/php/php7.0-fpm.username2.sock -pass-header Authorization
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
      Require all granted
    </Directory>
  </IfModule>
  ServerAdmin admin@website2.com
  ServerName www.website2.com
  ServerAlias website2.com
  DocumentRoot /home/username2/website2.com
  DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
  <Directory /home/username2/website2.com>
    Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^website2.com
    RewriteRule (.*) https://www.website2.com/$1 [R=301,L]
    <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
      <FilesMatch ".+\.ph(p[3457]?|t|tml)$">
        SetHandler php7-fcgi-username2
      </FilesMatch>
    </IfModule>
  </Directory>

  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

  SSLEngine on

  <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
  </FilesMatch>
  <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
  </Directory>
    Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.website2.com/fullchain.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.website2.com/privkey.pem
</VirtualHost>

Here is a list of all Apache mods that I have enabled:

Apache Mods Enabled

authn_core.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/authn_core.load
authn_file.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/authn_file.load
authz_core.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/authz_core.load
authz_host.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/authz_host.load
authz_user.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/authz_user.load
autoindex.conf@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/autoindex.conf
autoindex.load@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/autoindex.load
deflate.conf@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/deflate.conf
deflate.load@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/deflate.load
dir.conf@                         --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/dir.conf
dir.load@                         --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/dir.load
env.load@                         --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/env.load
fastcgi.conf@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/fastcgi.conf
fastcgi.load@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/fastcgi.load
filter.load@                      --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/filter.load
headers.load@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/headers.load
http2.load@                       --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/http2.load
mime.conf@                        --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/mime.conf
mime.load@                        --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/mime.load
mpm_event.conf@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/mpm_event.conf
mpm_event.load@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/mpm_event.load
negotiation.conf@                 --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/negotiation.conf
negotiation.load@                 --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/negotiation.load
proxy.conf@                       --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/proxy.conf
proxy.load@                       --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/proxy.load
proxy_fcgi.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/proxy_fcgi.load
reqtimeout.conf@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/reqtimeout.conf
reqtimeout.load@                  --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/reqtimeout.load
rewrite.load@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/rewrite.load
security2.conf@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/security2.conf
security2.load@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/security2.load
setenvif.conf@                    --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/setenvif.conf
setenvif.load@                    --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/setenvif.load
socache_shmcb.load@               --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/socache_shmcb.load
ssl.conf@                         --> /etc/apache2/mods- available/ssl.conf
ssl.load@                         --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.load
status.conf@                      --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/status.conf
status.load@                      --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/status.load
unique_id.load@                   --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/unique_id.load
userdir.conf@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.conf
userdir.load@                     --> /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.load

The problem: It seems that only one site works properly this way. A second site gets a 500 error in the browser. I'll get errors like this:

[Fri Mar 09 00:01:36.965019 2018] [fastcgi:error] [pid 31964:tid 134959322724992] (2)No such file or directory: [client ***.***.***.***:47348] FastCGI: failed to connect to server "/usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username2": connect() failed
[Fri Mar 09 00:01:36.966129 2018] [fastcgi:error] [pid 31964:tid 139355612722992] [client ***.***.***.***:47348] FastCGI: incomplete headers (0 bytes) received from server "/usr/lib/cgi-bin/php7-fcgi-username2"

In addition, when I view the /var/run/php directory, I see:

php7.0-fpm.sock
php7.0-fpm.username1.sock
php7.0-fpm.pid

# (without php7.0-fpm.username2.sock)

In my "/home" directory, "www-data" is the group owner for all users and their websites:

drwx--x--- 11 username1       www-data  4096 Mar 3 07:25 username1
drwx--x--- 11 username2       www-data  4096 Mar 3 07:25 username1

Let me know where I should go from here. I'm going to have about 30 users running about 60 sites. I need Apache to run the websites as the user (instead of www-data). It needs to be done in such a way so that if a hacker breaks into a WordPress site, they cannot use www-data to access and infect the rest of the users and their websites. If a hacker breaks in, the damage needs to be isolated to just one user.

Best Answer

The first line of both of your pool.d configurations is the same [username]. That's why they are treated as a single configuration and you only see /run/php/php7.0-fpm.username1.sock. Edit the first line to contain the actual username as the pool name.

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