This has happened before and some mail servers will tell you that your IP has been blacklisted (RBL, CBL, etc) but I can't find that site to check anymore and searches result in a site that may or may not be legitimate.
Where to go to see if the IP is blacklisted as a SPAM
blacklistemailspam
Best Answer
MxToolbox has a web-based blacklist check tool that's a good starting point. The Domain Name System Blacklists (DNSBL) and Anti-Abuse Multi-RBL Check are other great free resources for this purpose.
DNSstuff also has a subscription based service called RBLalerts that will monitor 130+ blacklists for an IP address you specify and notify you if it has been listed or delisted. I haven't tried this service, but it might be worth a try if this issue is impacting your organization.