Windows – Map a Network Drive on a server to itself (SharePoint Server)

I'm running a Windows 2012 64bit Server R2, computer name server-01, and I want to map a network drive to a path located on the same server. (This is needed for SharePoint 2013 development.)

However, I get the typical Windows cannot access [url] Network Error prompt. (Diagnosing it yields no details).

I can map the drive to a client computer (outside of the server) using the server's public URL, i.e. http://publicurl/_catalogs/masterpage . Also, the account that I am using is an administrator account. It can also be noted that the server-01 is a web server (IIS), and a domain controller. (It's a development server, not production). I guess I could make it that I connect to the drive from the public URL, but I'm still curious why this isn't working.

Edit:
I cannot map a network drive remotely. I thought I could, but I can't; sorry for the mislead information.