Agile – Third and fourth items of the Manifesto for Agile Software Development

agile

The third and fourth items of the Manifesto for Agile Software Development

  1. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
  2. Responding to change over following a plan

What's the difference between these two?

If the fourth means "incremental delivery with some willingness to pivot, instead of big design up front", then what does the third mean?

Is the third the same as the fourth …

  • Is the (deprecated) "contract negotiation" the same as "following a plan" — meaning "big design up front"?
  • And "collaboration" and "responding" — are they kind of the same thing as each other too?

… or different?

I welcome your explanation, even a reference to one of the original authors explaining it.

Best Answer

First I'd like to say that the points in the manifesto are not mutually exclusive (e.g.: working product over docs might also overlap with collaboration over contracts)

Having said that, I think the best way to explain where points 3 and 4 don't overlap is by example

In an overly contractual setting each party will usually defend their rights even if it is at their own expense to ensure that the other party knows that they won't tolerate any infringement of their rights. Obviously in a collaborative environment these sort of stances are less likely to be taken.

For example let's say the contract stipulates that all severity 5 defects are resolved in no more than a month, and the vendor hits a really tricky issue that would take months of man effort to resolve. The customer can then chose one of several paths

  • They could just drop the clause as a vendor that stays in business is better able to support the customer than one that is out of business :)
  • They could come to some other arrangement such delivering some feature enhancements which provide additional value to the customer instead of focusing on a low severity defect which doesn't really impact them
  • Or they can go for the overly contractual route and insist on the issue being resolved no matter the impact to both parties.

From experience the last path usually ends up hurting everyone, as the vendor is squeezed they spend less on improving the quality of the product, leading to more dissatisfaction leading to a more aggressive customer posture leading to more squeezing. A never ending cycle :(

Hope that illustrates the point

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