I've seen questions (mainly on Stack Overflow), which lack this basic
knowledge. The point of this question is to provide good information
for those seeking it, and those referencing to it.
In the context of web programming, what are the differences between Server-side programming and Client-side programming? Which languages belong to which, and when do you use each of them?
Best Answer
Background
Web development is all about communication. In this case, communication between two (2) parties, over the HTTP protocol:
Each side's programming, refers to code which runs at the specific machine, the server's or the client's.
Basic Example
Programming
Server-side Programming
Server-side programming, is the general name for the kinds of programs which are run on the Server.
Uses
Example Languages
Client-side programming
Much like the server-side, Client-side programming is the name for all of the programs which are run on the Client.
Uses
Example languages
*HTML and CSS aren't really "programming languages" per-se. They are markup syntax by which the Client renders the page for the User.