Common Mistakes and Anti-Patterns in NHibernate

My personal "frequently explained" issues:

Anti-Patterns

Messing around with detached objects (SaveOrUpdate or Merge plus some messy code) instead of using DTO's. The more complex the entities are, the messier the code is. (It also means that it works quite well with trivial entities.) Ayende also calls it the Stripper Pattern and explains the encapsulation issue.

Not understanding persistence ignorance and writing NH applications as when using explicit SQL. Symptom of that: calling Update after changing an object, wondering why changes are persisted even if Update had not been called, wondering how to avoid changes to be persisted.

• I tried to explain it in this SO answer
• Read how flushing works in the reference documentation.
• A blog post by kurtharriger who is criticizing exactly what is actually one of the main features (as a prove that it is a common misconception about NH)

Not understanding transactions and the unit of work pattern. Frequent anti-patterns: implicit transactions, session-per-operation and session-per-application. Some more reading:

• Fabio Maulo: Conversation-per-Business-Transaction
• On nhforge.org: Effective NHibernate Session management for web apps

Using NH events to put application logic in (eg. change tracking in insert and update triggers)

Create one class per table. Some people don't understand OOD, others don't understand relational design.

Mistakes

use of one-to-one instead of many-to-one. I tried it to explain in this answer.

Using join fetch in combination with SetMaxResult. My latest answers related to that topic:

• Why doesnt NHibernate eager fetch my data (with some more notes about side effects in the comments)
• Hibernate - How to make associations eager
• NHIbernate 1.2 And Lazy Loading
• Pagination with Hibernate criteria and FetchMode.JOIN

Writing self changing entities. When an entity doesn't exactly return the value that had been set by NH, it is considered dirty and gets updated in every session. For instance: replacing the NH persistent collection in a property setter.

  IList<Address> Addresses
  {
    get { return addresses; }
    // will cause the addresses collection to be built up from scratch
    // in the database in every session, even when just reading the entity.
    set { addresses = new List<Address>(value); }
  }

  int Whatever
  {
    // will make the entity dirty after reading negative values from the db.
    // this causes unexpected updates after just reading the entity.
    get { if (whatever < 0) return 0; }
    set { whatever = value; }
  }

May be more is following.