Android 9.0 (APi 28): java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent

androidandroid-9.0-pieandroid-service

I'm building a music app, everything is alright but recently, app will be crashed. When see my crash list on fabric so notice that only happens on os 9.

Fatal Exception: java.lang.RuntimeException
Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{android.store/android.store.MusicPlayerActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { act=android.store.mediaservice.PLAY_PLAYLIST cmp=android.store/.mediaservice.MediaService (has extras) }: app is in background uid UidRecord{1aba0fa u0a192 SVC bg:+5m42s914ms idle change:uncached procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}

I couldn't reproduce that issue because it rarely happen.
These following code cause crash :

if (intent.hasExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_INDEX)) {
    Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MediaService.class);
    i.setAction(MediaService.ACTION_PLAY_PLAYLIST);             i.putExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_INDEX, intent.getIntExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_INDEX, 0));
    i.putExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_TRACK_IDLIST, intent.getStringArrayExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_TRACK_IDLIST));     startService(i);
} else if (intent.hasExtra(EXTRAS_SHUFFLE)) {
    Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MediaService.class);
    i.setAction(MediaService.ACTION_PLAY_SHUFFLE);
    i.putExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_TRACK_IDLIST, intent.getStringArrayExtra(MediaService.EXTRAS_TRACK_IDLIST));
    startService(i);
}

So what's the main reason cause crash and solution for this ?

Best Answer

For pre Oreo devices, you have to use startService(), but from Oreo onwards devices, you have to use startForgroundService(). Check the below sample code.

   ContextCompat.startForegroundService(new Intent(context, MyService.class));

Background Execution Limits in Android Oreo. ContextCompat makes Build.Version check inside and calls right method

To show the notification to the user use below code in your service.

@Override
public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID,new Notification());
}

Related Solutions

Android – How to check if a service is running on Android

I use the following from inside an activity:

private boolean isMyServiceRunning(Class<?> serviceClass) {
    ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
    for (RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
        if (serviceClass.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

And I call it using:

isMyServiceRunning(MyService.class)

This works reliably, because it is based on the information about running services provided by the Android operating system through ActivityManager#getRunningServices.

All the approaches using onDestroy or onSometing events or Binders or static variables will not work reliably because as a developer you never know, when Android decides to kill your process or which of the mentioned callbacks are called or not. Please note the "killable" column in the lifecycle events table in the Android documentation.

Android – Service vs IntentService in the Android platform

Tejas Lagvankar wrote a nice post about this subject. Below are some key differences between Service and IntentService.

When to use?

The Service can be used in tasks with no UI, but shouldn't be too long. If you need to perform long tasks, you must use threads within Service.
The IntentService can be used in long tasks usually with no communication to Main Thread. If communication is required, can use Main Thread handler or broadcast intents. Another case of use is when callbacks are needed (Intent triggered tasks).

How to trigger?

The Service is triggered by calling method startService().
The IntentService is triggered using an Intent, it spawns a new worker thread and the method onHandleIntent() is called on this thread.

Triggered From

The Service and IntentService may be triggered from any thread, activity or other application component.

Runs On

The Service runs in background but it runs on the Main Thread of the application.
The IntentService runs on a separate worker thread.

Limitations / Drawbacks

The Service may block the Main Thread of the application.
The IntentService cannot run tasks in parallel. Hence all the consecutive intents will go into the message queue for the worker thread and will execute sequentially.

When to stop?

If you implement a Service, it is your responsibility to stop the service when its work is done, by calling stopSelf() or stopService(). (If you only want to provide binding, you don't need to implement this method).
The IntentService stops the service after all start requests have been handled, so you never have to call stopSelf().

Best Answer

Related Solutions

Android – How to check if a service is running on Android

Android – Service vs IntentService in the Android platform

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