The standard tool for listing symbols is nm
, you can use it simply like this:
nm -gD yourLib.so
If you want to see symbols of a C++ library, add the "-C" option which demangle the symbols (it's far more readable demangled).
nm -gDC yourLib.so
If your .so file is in elf format, you have two options:
Either objdump
(-C
is also useful for demangling C++):
$ objdump -TC libz.so
libz.so: file format elf64-x86-64
DYNAMIC SYMBOL TABLE:
0000000000002010 l d .init 0000000000000000 .init
0000000000000000 DF *UND* 0000000000000000 GLIBC_2.2.5 free
0000000000000000 DF *UND* 0000000000000000 GLIBC_2.2.5 __errno_location
0000000000000000 w D *UND* 0000000000000000 _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable
Or use readelf
:
$ readelf -Ws libz.so
Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 112 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000002010 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 10
2: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND free@GLIBC_2.2.5 (14)
3: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __errno_location@GLIBC_2.2.5 (14)
4: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable
Setting a bit
Use the bitwise OR operator (|
) to set a bit.
number |= 1UL << n;
That will set the n
th bit of number
. n
should be zero, if you want to set the 1
st bit and so on upto n-1
, if you want to set the n
th bit.
Use 1ULL
if number
is wider than unsigned long
; promotion of 1UL << n
doesn't happen until after evaluating 1UL << n
where it's undefined behaviour to shift by more than the width of a long
. The same applies to all the rest of the examples.
Clearing a bit
Use the bitwise AND operator (&
) to clear a bit.
number &= ~(1UL << n);
That will clear the n
th bit of number
. You must invert the bit string with the bitwise NOT operator (~
), then AND it.
Toggling a bit
The XOR operator (^
) can be used to toggle a bit.
number ^= 1UL << n;
That will toggle the n
th bit of number
.
Checking a bit
You didn't ask for this, but I might as well add it.
To check a bit, shift the number n to the right, then bitwise AND it:
bit = (number >> n) & 1U;
That will put the value of the n
th bit of number
into the variable bit
.
Changing the nth bit to x
Setting the n
th bit to either 1
or 0
can be achieved with the following on a 2's complement C++ implementation:
number ^= (-x ^ number) & (1UL << n);
Bit n
will be set if x
is 1
, and cleared if x
is 0
. If x
has some other value, you get garbage. x = !!x
will booleanize it to 0 or 1.
To make this independent of 2's complement negation behaviour (where -1
has all bits set, unlike on a 1's complement or sign/magnitude C++ implementation), use unsigned negation.
number ^= (-(unsigned long)x ^ number) & (1UL << n);
or
unsigned long newbit = !!x; // Also booleanize to force 0 or 1
number ^= (-newbit ^ number) & (1UL << n);
It's generally a good idea to use unsigned types for portable bit manipulation.
or
number = (number & ~(1UL << n)) | (x << n);
(number & ~(1UL << n))
will clear the n
th bit and (x << n)
will set the n
th bit to x
.
It's also generally a good idea to not to copy/paste code in general and so many people use preprocessor macros (like the community wiki answer further down) or some sort of encapsulation.
Best Answer
Yes ,
isdigit()
will work out nicely here .An example is :