Html – side by side divs

csshtml

I've got 4 divs inside a parent div. To get them to appear side by side, I've given all 4 divs a style with float:left. The divs do appear side by side, but the parent div's height does not grow to encompass the height of the child divs. What am I missing?

Best Answer

This is a quirk cause by the implementation of floating elements, and occurs when you have a parent element that contains nothing but floating child elements. There are two methods to solve it. One is to set the parent element's overflow property to hidden, sometimes known as the overflow method. The other is known as the clearfix method, and involves the use of the :after pseudo-class.

The clearfix method has the advantage of allowing for specifically positioned elements to "hang" outside of the parent container if you ever need them to, at the expense of a bit of extra CSS and markup. This is the method I prefer, as I utilize hanging elements frequently.

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CSS 100% height with padding/margin

I learned how to do these sort of things reading "PRO HTML and CSS Design Patterns". The display:block is the default display value for the div, but I like to make it explicit. The container has to be the right type; position attribute is fixed, relative, or absolute.

.stretchedToMargin {
  display: block;
  position:absolute;
  height:auto;
  bottom:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  right:0;
  margin-top:20px;
  margin-bottom:20px;
  margin-right:80px;
  margin-left:80px;
  background-color: green;
}

<div class="stretchedToMargin">
  Hello, world
</div>

Fiddle by Nooshu's comment

Html – Expand a div to fill the remaining width

The solution to this is actually very easy, but not at all obvious. You have to trigger something called a "block formatting context" (BFC), which interacts with floats in a specific way.

Just take that second div, remove the float, and give it overflow:hidden instead. Any overflow value other than visible makes the block it's set on become a BFC. BFCs don't allow descendant floats to escape them, nor do they allow sibling/ancestor floats to intrude into them. The net effect here is that the floated div will do its thing, then the second div will be an ordinary block, taking up all available width except that occupied by the float.

This should work across all current browsers, though you may have to trigger hasLayout in IE6 and 7. I can't recall.

Demos:

Fixed Left: http://jsfiddle.net/A8zLY/5/
Fixed Right: http://jsfiddle.net/A8zLY/2/

div {
  float: left;
}

.second {
  background: #ccc;
  float: none;
  overflow: hidden;
}

<div>Tree</div>
<div class="second">View</div>

Best Answer

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