Oracle – How to optimize query in Oracle with max in where clause

oraclequery-optimization

I am providing hypothetical table and query to explain my problem. Pardon me for any sntax error.

Dept table:

ID Dno Dname BDate   seq
1  1     A    5-Aug   0
2  1     B    3-Aug   0
3  1     B    7-Aug   1
4  1     C    2-Aug   0

Below query returns 1st, and 3rd, record from above table:

select * from Dept where BDate > (select mydate from other_table)
-- mydate is 4-Aug

Then I did below changes in the query to return 2nd record as well. Because for Dname 'B', we have one record with Bdate > 4-Aug.

select * from Dept D where
(SELECT MAX(BDATE)
FROM Dept D1
WHERE D1.Dno = D.Dno
AND D1.Dname = D.Dname
) > (select mydate from other_table)

Above query works but it hit the performance. How could I optimize it.

I think of Union or moving max query to select part. But, not able to find a way.

Best Answer

Assuming I understand your logic correctly (that you want all rows for a given dno and dname if the max date is greater than a specified date) and that the query to retrieve the "mydate" returns a single row, I would do something like:

with     dept as (select 1 id, 1 dno, 'A' dname, to_date('05/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') bdate, 0 seq from dual union all
                  select 2 id, 1 dno, 'B' dname, to_date('03/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') bdate, 0 seq from dual union all
                  select 3 id, 1 dno, 'B' dname, to_date('07/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') bdate, 0 seq from dual union all
                  select 4 id, 1 dno, 'C' dname, to_date('02/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') bdate, 0 seq from dual),
  other_table as (select to_date('04/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') mydate from dual)
select id,
       dno,
       dname,
       bdate,
       seq
from   (select d.*,
               max(bdate) over (partition by dno, dname) max_bdate
        from   dept d)
where  max_bdate > (select mydate from other_table);

        ID        DNO DNAME BDATE             SEQ
---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
         1          1 A     05/08/2015          0
         2          1 B     03/08/2015          0
         3          1 B     07/08/2015          0

Related Solutions

Sql – How to limit the number of rows returned by an Oracle query after ordering

You can use a subquery for this like

select *
from  
( select * 
  from emp 
  order by sal desc ) 
where ROWNUM <= 5;

Have also a look at the topic On ROWNUM and limiting results at Oracle/AskTom for more information.

Update: To limit the result with both lower and upper bounds things get a bit more bloated with

select * from 
( select a.*, ROWNUM rnum from 
  ( <your_query_goes_here, with order by> ) a 
  where ROWNUM <= :MAX_ROW_TO_FETCH )
where rnum  >= :MIN_ROW_TO_FETCH;

(Copied from specified AskTom-article)

Update 2: Starting with Oracle 12c (12.1) there is a syntax available to limit rows or start at offsets.

SELECT * 
FROM   sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;

See this answer for more examples. Thanks to Krumia for the hint.

Sql – How to create id with AUTO_INCREMENT on Oracle

There is no such thing as "auto_increment" or "identity" columns in Oracle as of Oracle 11g. However, you can model it easily with a sequence and a trigger:

Table definition:

CREATE TABLE departments (
  ID           NUMBER(10)    NOT NULL,
  DESCRIPTION  VARCHAR2(50)  NOT NULL);

ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
  CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));

CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;

Trigger definition:

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER dept_bir 
BEFORE INSERT ON departments 
FOR EACH ROW

BEGIN
  SELECT dept_seq.NEXTVAL
  INTO   :new.id
  FROM   dual;
END;
/

UPDATE:

IDENTITY column is now available on Oracle 12c:

create table t1 (
    c1 NUMBER GENERATED by default on null as IDENTITY,
    c2 VARCHAR2(10)
    );

or specify starting and increment values, also preventing any insert into the identity column (GENERATED ALWAYS) (again, Oracle 12c+ only)

create table t1 (
    c1 NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS as IDENTITY(START with 1 INCREMENT by 1),
    c2 VARCHAR2(10)
    );

Alternatively, Oracle 12 also allows to use a sequence as a default value:

CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;

CREATE TABLE departments (
  ID           NUMBER(10)    DEFAULT dept_seq.nextval NOT NULL,
  DESCRIPTION  VARCHAR2(50)  NOT NULL);

ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
  CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));

Best Answer

Related Solutions

Sql – How to limit the number of rows returned by an Oracle query after ordering

Sql – How to create id with AUTO_INCREMENT on Oracle

UPDATE:

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