Lazy Loading in NHibernate

I don't understand what you mean with "I did lazy loading". Lazy loading is a feature, it is turned on by default and you can turn it off if you don't like it.

There are two kinds of lazy loading: for references to other entities and for lists.

Given this entity:

class Entity
{
  // pk
  int id { get; private set; }

  // reference to another entity
  User MyUser { get; set; }

  // list to other entities
  IList<Comments> MyComments { get; set; }
}

Lazy loading on the reference to User

If you have lazy loading on the User, you need to define all members of the User class virtual. NHibernate will create a so called proxy. The proxy is a classed defined at runtime which derives from User. Your code is accessing it as User and is not aware that is is a subclass. But when you access one of its members the first time, the properties are loaded from the database.

If you want to turn off lazy loading on the User class, you need to do this in its mapping:

<class name="User" lazy="false"> ...

Then NHibernate creates always instances of type User, no proxies. You don't need to have anything virtual.

Lazy loading on the list of comments

If you use lazy loading on the list of comments, it is the list itself that implements the lazy loading. If you access the list the first time, it is loaded from the database. NHibernate uses a list that implements IList, but is not List.

If you want to turn off lazy loading in the list, you do this in the mapping of Entity:

<class name="Entity">
    <bag name="MyComments" lazy="false" >
        ...

Usually, lazy loading is a good thing, and you application does not have to care about it much. But there are some risks. For instance, if you serialize a instance, and it is a proxy, you get a not initialized proxy instead of anything useful. Lazy loading only works as long as the session is open. It is not always faster to use lazy loading. If you need to load all the data anyway, its faster to load it in one piece.

So the configuration needs to be done carefully.

Edit:

To answer your original question: Is lazy loading required for NHibernate? No. But: Is lazy loading required in my application? Most probably yes.

I think, only small and rather trivial applications don't need lazy loading. If you have a system with many persistent classes, you'll need lazy loading.

It depends on

• if you need "just one" or a certain one
• if you need the other items in the list later in the same session

You can use

• filters to filter the collection. These filters are defined in the mapping file and activated and parameterized when using the session
• AliasToEntityMap result transformer which lets you filter the collection within a query
• batch fetching that fetches a certain amount of elements at once.