Using a VBO to draw lines from a vector of points in OpenGL

I have a simple OpenGL program which I am trying to utilize Vertex Buffer Objects for rendering instead of the old glBegin() – glEnd(). Basically the user clicks on the window indicating a starting point, and then presses a key to generate subsequent points which OpenGL draws as a line.

I've implemented this using glBegin() and glEnd() but have not been successful using a VBO. I am wondering if the problem is that after I initialize the VBO, I'm adding more vertices which it doesn't have memory allocated for, and thus doesn't display them.

Edit: Also, I'm a bit confused as to how it knows exactly which values in the vertex struct to use for x and y, as well as for r, g, b. I haven't been able to find a clear example of this.

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <Math.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>

struct vertex {
    float x, y, u, v, r, g, b;
};

const int D = 10;   // distance
const int A = 10;   // angle
const int WINDOW_WIDTH = 500, WINDOW_HEIGHT = 500;

std::vector<vertex> vertices;
boolean start = false;
GLuint vboId;

void update_line_point() {
    vertex temp;
    temp.x = vertices.back().x + D * vertices.back().u;
    temp.y = vertices.back().y + D * vertices.back().v;
    temp.u = vertices.back().u;
    temp.v = vertices.back().v;
    vertices.push_back(temp);
}

void update_line_angle() {
    float u_prime, v_prime;
    u_prime = vertices.back().u * cos(A) - vertices.back().v * sin(A);
    v_prime = vertices.back().u * sin(A) + vertices.back().v * cos(A);
    vertices.back().u = u_prime;
    vertices.back().v = v_prime;
}

void initVertexBuffer() {
    glGenBuffers(1, &vboId);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboId);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertex) * vertices.size(), &vertices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
}

void displayCB() {
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluOrtho2D(0, WINDOW_WIDTH, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT);

    if (start) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboId);
        glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
        glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
        glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertex), &vertices[0]);
        glColorPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertex), &vertices[0]);
        glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, vertices.size());
        glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
        glDisableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    }

    /***** this is what I'm trying to achieve
    glColor3f(1, 0, 0);
    glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);
    for (std::vector<vertex>::size_type i = 0; i < vertices.size(); i++) {
            glVertex2f(vertices[i].x, vertices[i].y);
    }
    glEnd();
    *****/

    glFlush();
    glutSwapBuffers();
}


void mouseCB(int button, int state, int x, int y) {
    if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
        vertices.clear();
        vertex temp = {x, WINDOW_HEIGHT - y, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0};  // default red color
        vertices.push_back(temp);
        start = true;
        initVertexBuffer();
    }
    glutPostRedisplay();
}

void keyboardCB(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
    switch(key) {
    case 'f':
        if (start) {
            update_line_point();
        }
        break;
    case 't':
        if (start) {
            update_line_angle();
        }
        break;
    }

    glutPostRedisplay();
}

void initCallbackFunc() {
    glutDisplayFunc(displayCB);
    glutMouseFunc(mouseCB);
    glutKeyboardFunc(keyboardCB);
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH);
    glutInitWindowSize(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
    glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
    glutCreateWindow("Test");
    initCallbackFunc();

    // initialize glew
    GLenum glewInitResult;
    glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
    glewInitResult = glewInit();
    if (GLEW_OK != glewInitResult) {
        std::cerr << "Error initializing glew." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
    glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 0);
    glutMainLoop();

    return 0;
}