What does the question mark mean in GSP/Grails

Converts Object to boolean. If it was falsey (e.g. 0, null, undefined, etc.), it will be false, otherwise, true.

!oObject  // inverted boolean
!!oObject // non inverted boolean so true boolean representation

So !! is not an operator, it's just the ! operator twice.

Real World Example "Test IE version":

const isIE8 = !! navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE 8.0/);  
console.log(isIE8); // returns true or false 

If you ⇒

console.log(navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE 8.0/));  
// returns either an Array or null  

But if you ⇒

console.log(!!navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE 8.0/));  
// returns either true or false

a ||= b is a conditional assignment operator. It means:

• if a is undefined or falsey, then evaluate b and set a to the result.
• Otherwise (if a is defined and evaluates to truthy), then b is not evaluated, and no assignment takes place.

For example:

a ||= nil # => nil
a ||= 0 # => 0
a ||= 2 # => 0

foo = false # => false
foo ||= true # => true
foo ||= false # => true

Confusingly, it looks similar to other assignment operators (such as +=), but behaves differently.

• a += b translates to a = a + b
• a ||= b roughly translates to a || a = b

It is a near-shorthand for a || a = b. The difference is that, when a is undefined, a || a = b would raise NameError, whereas a ||= b sets a to b. This distinction is unimportant if a and b are both local variables, but is significant if either is a getter/setter method of a class.

Further reading:

• http://www.rubyinside.com/what-rubys-double-pipe-or-equals-really-does-5488.html