Unfortunately there is no one great MVVM example app that does everything, and there are a lot of different approaches to doing things. First, you might want to get familiar with one of the app frameworks out there (Prism is a decent choice), because they provide you with convenient tools like dependency injection, commanding, event aggregation, etc to easily try out different patterns that suit you.

The prism release:
http://www.codeplex.com/CompositeWPF

It includes a pretty decent example app (the stock trader) along with a lot of smaller examples and how to's. At the very least it's a good demonstration of several common sub-patterns people use to make MVVM actually work. They have examples for both CRUD and dialogs, I believe.

Prism isn't necessarily for every project, but it's a good thing to get familiar with.

CRUD: This part is pretty easy, WPF two way bindings make it really easy to edit most data. The real trick is to provide a model that makes it easy to set up the UI. At the very least you want to make sure that your ViewModel (or business object) implements INotifyPropertyChanged to support binding and you can bind properties straight to UI controls, but you may also want to implement IDataErrorInfo for validation. Typically, if you use some sort of an ORM solution setting up CRUD is a snap.

This article demonstrates simple crud operations: http://dotnetslackers.com/articles/wpf/WPFDataBindingWithLINQ.aspx

It is built on LinqToSql, but that is irrelevant to the example - all that is important is that your business objects implement INotifyPropertyChanged (which classes generated by LinqToSql do). MVVM is not the point of that example, but I don't think it matters in this case.

This article demonstrates data validation
http://blogs.msdn.com/wpfsdk/archive/2007/10/02/data-validation-in-3-5.aspx

Again, most ORM solutions generate classes that already implement IDataErrorInfo and typically provide a mechanism to make it easy to add custom validation rules.

Most of the time you can take an object(model) created by some ORM and wrap it in a ViewModel that holds it and commands for save/delete - and you're ready to bind UI straight to the model's properties.

The view would look like something like this (ViewModel has a property Item that holds the model, like a class created in the ORM):

<StackPanel>
   <StackPanel DataContext=Item>
      <TextBox Text="{Binding FirstName, Mode=TwoWay, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" />
      <TextBox Text="{Binding LastName, Mode=TwoWay, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" />
   </StackPanel>
   <Button Command="{Binding SaveCommand}" />
   <Button Command="{Binding CancelCommand}" />
</StackPanel>

Dialogs: Dialogs and MVVM are a bit tricky. I prefer to use a flavor of the Mediator approach with dialogs, you can read a little more about it in this StackOverflow question:
WPF MVVM dialog example

My usual approach, which is not quite classic MVVM, can be summarized as follows:

A base class for a dialog ViewModel that exposes commands for commit and cancel actions, an event to lets the view know that a dialog is ready to be closed, and whatever else you will need in all of your dialogs.

A generic view for your dialog - this can be a window, or a custom "modal" overlay type control. At its heart it is a content presenter that we dump the viewmodel into, and it handles the wiring for closing the window - for example on data context change you can check if the new ViewModel is inherited from your base class, and if it is, subscribe to the relevant close event (the handler will assign the dialog result). If you provide alternative universal close functionality (the X button, for instance), you should make sure to run the relevant close command on the ViewModel as well.

Somewhere you need to provide data templates for your ViewModels, they can be very simple especially since you probably have a view for each dialog encapsulated in a separate control. The default data template for a ViewModel would then look something like this:

<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vmodels:AddressEditViewModel}">
   <views:AddressEditView DataContext="{Binding}" />
</DataTemplate>

The dialog view needs to have access to these, because otherwise it won't know how to show the ViewModel, aside from the shared dialog UI its contents are basically this:

<ContentControl Content="{Binding}" />

The implicit data template will map the view to the model, but who launches it?

This is the not-so-mvvm part. One way to do it is to use a global event. What I think is a better thing to do is to use an event aggregator type setup, provided through dependency injection - this way the event is global to a container, not the whole app. Prism uses the unity framework for container semantics and dependency injection, and overall I like Unity quite a bit.

Usually, it makes sense for the root window to subscribe to this event - it can open the dialog and set its data context to the ViewModel that gets passed in with a raised event.

Setting this up in this way lets ViewModels ask the application to open a dialog and respond to user actions there without knowing anything about the UI so for the most part the MVVM-ness remains complete.

There are times, however, where the UI has to raise the dialogs, which can make things a bit trickier. Consider for example, if the dialog position depends on the location of the button that opens it. In this case you need to have some UI specific info when you request a dialog open. I generally create a separate class that holds a ViewModel and some relevant UI info. Unfortunately some coupling seems unavoidable there.

Pseudo code of a button handler that raises a dialog which needs element position data:

ButtonClickHandler(sender, args){
    var vm = DataContext as ISomeDialogProvider; // check for null
    var ui_vm = new ViewModelContainer();
    // assign margin, width, or anything else that your custom dialog might require
    ...
    ui_vm.ViewModel = vm.SomeDialogViewModel; // or .GetSomeDialogViewModel()
    // raise the dialog show event
}

The dialog view will bind to position data, and pass the contained ViewModel to the inner ContentControl. The ViewModel itself still doesn't know anything about the UI.

In general I don't make use of the DialogResult return property of the ShowDialog() method or expect the thread to block until the dialog is closed. A non-standard modal dialog doesn't always work like that, and in a composite environment you often don't really want an event handler to block like that anyhow. I prefer to let the ViewModels deal with this - the creator of a ViewModel can subscribe to its relevant events, set commit/cancel methods, etc, so there is no need to rely on this UI mechanism.

So instead of this flow:

// in code behind
var result = somedialog.ShowDialog();
if (result == ...

I use:

// in view model
var vm = new SomeDialogViewModel(); // child view model
vm.CommitAction = delegate { this.DoSomething(vm); } // what happens on commit 
vm.CancelAction = delegate { this.DoNothing(vm); } // what happens on cancel/close (optional)
// raise dialog request event on the container

I prefer it this way because most of my dialogs are non-blocking pseudo-modal controls and doing it this way seems more straightforward than working around it. Easy to unit test as well.

AngularJS remembers the value and compares it to a previous value. This is basic dirty-checking. If there is a change in value, then it fires the change event.

The $apply() method, which is what you call when you are transitioning from a non-AngularJS world into an AngularJS world, calls $digest(). A digest is just plain old dirty-checking. It works on all browsers and is totally predictable.

To contrast dirty-checking (AngularJS) vs change listeners (KnockoutJS and Backbone.js): While dirty-checking may seem simple, and even inefficient (I will address that later), it turns out that it is semantically correct all the time, while change listeners have lots of weird corner cases and need things like dependency tracking to make it more semantically correct. KnockoutJS dependency tracking is a clever feature for a problem which AngularJS does not have.

Issues with change listeners:

• The syntax is atrocious, since browsers do not support it natively. Yes, there are proxies, but they are not semantically correct in all cases, and of course there are no proxies on old browsers. The bottom line is that dirty-checking allows you to do POJO, whereas KnockoutJS and Backbone.js force you to inherit from their classes, and access your data through accessors.
• Change coalescence. Suppose you have an array of items. Say you want to add items into an array, as you are looping to add, each time you add you are firing events on change, which is rendering the UI. This is very bad for performance. What you want is to update the UI only once, at the end. The change events are too fine-grained.
• Change listeners fire immediately on a setter, which is a problem, since the change listener can further change data, which fires more change events. This is bad since on your stack you may have several change events happening at once. Suppose you have two arrays which need to be kept in sync for whatever reason. You can only add to one or the other, but each time you add you fire a change event, which now has an inconsistent view of the world. This is a very similar problem to thread locking, which JavaScript avoids since each callback executes exclusively and to completion. Change events break this since setters can have far-reaching consequences which are not intended and non obvious, which creates the thread problem all over again. It turns out that what you want to do is to delay the listener execution, and guarantee, that only one listener runs at a time, hence any code is free to change data, and it knows that no other code runs while it is doing so.

What about performance?

So it may seem that we are slow, since dirty-checking is inefficient. This is where we need to look at real numbers rather than just have theoretical arguments, but first let's define some constraints.

Humans are:

• Slow — Anything faster than 50 ms is imperceptible to humans and thus can be considered as "instant".

• Limited — You can't really show more than about 2000 pieces of information to a human on a single page. Anything more than that is really bad UI, and humans can't process this anyway.

So the real question is this: How many comparisons can you do on a browser in 50 ms? This is a hard question to answer as many factors come into play, but here is a test case: http://jsperf.com/angularjs-digest/6 which creates 10,000 watchers. On a modern browser this takes just under 6 ms. On Internet Explorer 8 it takes about 40 ms. As you can see, this is not an issue even on slow browsers these days. There is a caveat: The comparisons need to be simple to fit into the time limit... Unfortunately it is way too easy to add a slow comparison into AngularJS, so it is easy to build slow applications when you don't know what you are doing. But we hope to have an answer by providing an instrumentation module, which would show you which are the slow comparisons.

It turns out that video games and GPUs use the dirty-checking approach, specifically because it is consistent. As long as they get over the monitor refresh rate (typically 50-60 Hz, or every 16.6-20 ms), any performance over that is a waste, so you're better off drawing more stuff, than getting FPS higher.