Facebook Pages – How to Get Shared Likes on Main Page Posts

Found this on a blog post, it should clarify things for you

To recap, the viral reach of a page or a post is the number of unique people who were exposed to content as a result of another user generating a story (“talking about” the page or post – liking, sharing, commenting, etc.). This differs from organic reach, which is the number of unique people who visited the page or saw an item in their news feed or ticker as a direct result of the page posting the content.

As for your question

...but if I'm not friends with the person who shared the post, does that mean it won't count as a viral view?

It should count as a viral view.

If you're targeting those countries, your ad is probably performing better there because the CPC or CPM rates for those countries is lower, so your ad is getting more impressions there than in other countries you're targeting with higher rates

If you're NOT targeting those countries, it may be a bug.

As for the specifics you asked about:

1. That's likely a cultural thing, you're also self-selecting because the spammy users with fake names are more likely to seek out the posts to comment on than users you're actually trying to reach - try to target the ads more specifically to reach the users you actually want

2. Is there some reason the middle-eastern fans are likely to genuinely like and share your page, or are you assuming that because they clicked the ad they're more likely to actually want to interact with the content?

3. this is likely due to the domain you're sharing links to having no solid reputation built up - link shares are pretty viral in many cases (see george takei's page or posts from The Onion for US-centric examples) but it takes a while of people interacting with your site's content before facebook's algorithms understand that the content is 'good' and should be surfaced instead of other posts