I don't think G+ (or any other) will delete your content.
I think there is a best practice somewhere that says "do not delete anything" (at least this is how I learned database design), it's just like in nature "nothing is lost, everithing is recycled". :)
They rely on content—think of Google search—sometimes it seems that it knows what you want to search, beacause the more users search, their database grows bigger and bigger, the more database searches that can compare with the more precise is the result. This is true for social media to, they build a profile for every user, and they build the so called "social graph" of the world (read this interview). :)
What they do with the results... first they are showing custom ads, I think they even sale the results to big companies—they have data that is extremly valuable in marketing. For example: a phone company launches 2 new models, m1 and m2, after a few weeks they go to G+, Facebook, and ask them, what is the phone that users talk more m1 or m2, and what phone from a competitor is on top of users talks?
So you need to know that every time you register to a service like this, ALL your data will be stored forever by the company, be it G+, Facebook... you name it.
That's my opinion.
Even though @FelixBonkoski's ifttt seems good, I found my solution a different way: I had already set up Tumblr to publish automatically to Twitter.. And thankfully Twitter can publish to Facebook, and this seems to work well for me - for items published from the queue or directly.
Best Answer
Short answer: no.
You can only block tagged photos from appearing in your timeline until they are approved, or remove your tags after they were posted. But it is not possible to prevent your friends from tagging you in their own photos.