I don't think there is a way to turn off the highlighting and still leave the comments as shown in your example pic. However, there are a few alternatives that may work for you. First is that you can mark comments as resolved. This will remove the highlighting, but will also hide the comment. You can show the resolved comments along with all other comments and any discussion history from them by clicking the Comments button in the upper-right part of the screen.

This Comments button also provides another possibility, which is that you can leave comments without highlighting text. At the top of the Comments pane is the option to create a new comment. This comment will appear without an associated text, so it will not highlight anything on the page. The downfall again is that it does not appear on the side as shown in your example, but instead it is limited to displaying only when the comments pane is visible (i.e., you pressed the Comments button).

In the New Google docs editor, the Google Analytics built-in tracking and the insertion of custom HTML code were removed but they could be extended through add-ons and Google Apps Script.

Some methods and triggers are only available in bound scripts. You could use Google Scripts, the editor to hold stand-alone scripts, to create web apps and to hold code libraries that you could call from bound scripts.

References

Extend Google Docs, Sheets, and Forms with Apps Script