Short answer

A formula that does the required in the question

=JOIN(",",
      QUERY(
            {ArrayFormula({A1:A6}&{B1:B6}),B1:B6},
            "Select Col1 Where Col2<>''"
      )
 )

Explanation

The above formula has nested three functions, use the matrix handling feature of Google Sheets and the concatenate operator.

• ArrayFormula({A1:A6}&{B1:B6}) : Concatenates the cell values of each row.
• {ArrayFormula({A1:A6}&{B1:B6}),B1:B6} : Creates a range with two columns. The second column will be used for filtering.
• QUERY is used to do the filtering.
• JOIN is used to create the string separating the elements with a comma.

I believe the issue is caused by filtered view sorting the column that contains input to a function. It can be reproduced in the following minimal example:

+---+-------+---+
|   |   A   | B |
+---+-------+---+
| 1 | input | 1 |
| 2 | 5     |   |
| 3 | 4     |   |
+---+-------+---+

where B1 is the formula =A2-A3. Create a filtered view for cells A1:B3 and use it to sort column A in ascending order. The result: B1 will display #REF error

The formula in cell A2 is referencing a range in the active filter that is not in the same row.

I can't really explain why this fails: my guess is that the logic of filtered view does not handle remapping cell references within the view.

But I can suggest an alternative approach: use FILTER and SORT, possibly putting results on different sheets for ease of sharing or reading. For example,

=SORT(FILTER(A2:A15, B2:B15=5), 1, TRUE)

keeps only the entries from A with 5 in column B, and presents them in ascending order. This formula could appear in another column (C,...), or on a different sheet.