This is currently not a Google Docs feature (and not possible) based on online documentation and no better answer. Apparently, this worked at one point in Google Docs, but it required viewers to use Google Talk (and this combination was buggy at the time).
As far as I can tell, Google Slides does not yet allow you to specify an exact size for an image.
One workaround I've used successfully is to
Create a separate, blank drawing in Google Drawings.
Within Drawings, select File -> Page Setup... from the menu and set the page size to the exact size you want your image to be in Slides. (Note you can specify the size in either print units or pixels.)
Insert the image into the drawing and, if necessary, resize it so it fills the page.
Copy the image from Drawings (Ctrl+A, Ctrl+C) and paste it into Slides (Ctrl+V).
You should find Slides retains the size of the image, and now you have it in your presentation at the exact size you wanted.
Best Answer
You should use the
"Align" --> "center"
option from the menu.